The part that confuses me looks like a shaft for the wheel bearings.
I'm used to seeing struts like this:
In this design the wheel bearings are in the upright.
As for the rear camber it reduces loss (or increases depending on the starting camber) of grip as the car rolls. But both tires on a sold axles are rigidly linked to each other so I'm assuming the behavior is different that what I'm used to.